Neolithic and Chalcolithic Periods

The area of Kefar Giladi shows signs of occupation during the Neolithic period, around 7000 bc. The Neolithic occupation layer (stratum IV) had a rich lithic assemblage and a clay figurine connected with fertility worship along with pottery sherds typical of the period.

A group of farmers and shepherds settled in a village near the Ruwaḥina Spring during the Chalcolithic period. The occupation layers (strata III—I) from this period display pottery evidence from both the so-called Wadi Rabah culture (which stretches in the southern Levant over most of the sixth millennium bc) and the later Ghassulian phase (dating back to the late fifth and mid-fourth millennium bc). Additional discoveries include scattered remains of stone structures and installations for food preparation and preservation (Kaplan, “Chronique Archéologique”).